{"id":30800,"date":"2026-04-08T07:01:21","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T05:01:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.appleking.cz\/blog\/?p=30800"},"modified":"2026-04-04T12:01:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T10:01:30","slug":"50-rokov-applu-1-diel-pozrite-sa-na-tie-najzasadnejsie-momenty-z-prvych-dvoch-dekad-firmy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appleking.sk\/blog\/50-rokov-applu-1-diel-pozrite-sa-na-tie-najzasadnejsie-momenty-z-prvych-dvoch-dekad-firmy","title":{"rendered":"50 rokov Applu (1.diel): Pozrite sa na tie najz\u00e1sadnej\u0161ie momenty z prv\u00fdch dvoch dek\u00e1d firmy!"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Apple tento mesiac oslavuje neuverite\u013en\u00fdch 50 rokov od svojho zalo\u017eenia. Je \u013eahk\u00e9 vn\u00edma\u0165 ho optikou iPhonov, Apple Watch alebo MacBookov. Len\u017ee to najz\u00e1sadnej\u0161ie sa odohralo u\u017e d\u00e1vno predt\u00fdm – v \u010dase, ke\u010f osobn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de boli sk\u00f4r experimentom ako be\u017enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Prv\u00e9 dve dek\u00e1dy Applu, teda 70. a 80. roky, s\u00fa fascinuj\u00facim pr\u00edbehom vizion\u00e1rstva, omylov i revol\u00faci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 zmenili svet. Toto je prv\u00fd diel seri\u00e1lu, v ktorom sa postupne obzrieme za najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edmi momentmi v hist\u00f3rii Applu. A za\u010dneme pekne od za\u010diatku!<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

70. roky: Zrodenie osobn\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h1>\n

\"Hist\u00f3ria<\/a><\/p>\n

Pr\u00edbeh Applu za\u010d\u00edna v roku 1976 \u2013 v gar\u00e1\u017ei, ako to u\u017e u legiend b\u00fdva. Steve Jobs a Steve Wozniak predstavuj\u00fa <\/span><\/span>Apple I<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> , po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, ktor\u00fd bol na svoju dobu revolu\u010dn\u00fd hlavne t\u00fdm, \u017ee i\u0161lo o kompletn\u00e9 zariadenie na jedinej doske. Jasne, pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e si musel doda\u0165 monitor, kl\u00e1vesnicu aj \u0161katu\u013eu, ale aj tak i\u0161lo o obrovsk\u00fd krok vpred.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Hist\u00f3ria<\/a><\/p>\n

O rok nesk\u00f4r prich\u00e1dza <\/span><\/span>Apple II<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> \u2013 a to je moment, ke\u010f sa za\u010d\u00edna p\u00edsa\u0165 hist\u00f3ria. Apple toti\u017e pochopil nie\u010do, \u010do konkurencia zatia\u013e nie: po\u010d\u00edta\u010de musia by\u0165 <\/span><\/span>pr\u00edstupn\u00e9 a pr\u00edvetiv\u00e9<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> . Apple II mal plastov\u00e9 telo, vstavan\u00fa kl\u00e1vesnicu a dokonca farebn\u00fa grafiku. Zrazu to nebol stroj pre nad\u0161encov, ale produkt pre \u013eud\u00ed.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00fd krok pri\u0161iel v roku 1978 s disketovou mechanikou <\/span><\/span>Disk II<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> . Dovtedy sa programy na\u010d\u00edtali z kaziet \u2013 pomaly a nespo\u013eahlivo. Diskety znamenali r\u00fdchlos\u0165 a pohodlie, ktor\u00e9 otvorili dvere \u0161ir\u0161iemu vyu\u017eitiu po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Retro-Spreadsheeting<\/a><\/p>\n

A potom pri\u0161iel rok 1979 as n\u00edm prv\u00fd \u201ekiller app\u201c: <\/span><\/span>VisiCalc<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> . Tabu\u013ekov\u00fd procesor, ktor\u00fd zmenil pravidl\u00e1 hry. Naraz bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 \u013eahko pracova\u0165 s \u010d\u00edslami, pl\u00e1nova\u0165 rozpo\u010dty a robi\u0165 finan\u010dn\u00e9 modely. Pre mnoho firiem to bol d\u00f4vod, pre\u010do si v\u00f4bec po\u010d\u00edta\u010d k\u00fapi\u0165. Apple II sa v\u010faka tomu stal nepostr\u00e1date\u013en\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom v biznise.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

80. roky: Experimenty, chyby a prv\u00e9 ve\u013ek\u00e9 revol\u00facie<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h1>\n

Na za\u010diatku 80. rokov sa Apple dost\u00e1va do \u00faplne inej ligy – a tie\u017e pod tlak. V roku 1981 vstupuje na sc\u00e9nu IBM so svojim PC, \u010do od\u0161tartovalo \u00e9ru lacnej\u0161\u00edch kompatibiln\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov. Apple zrazu \u010delil obrovskej konkurencii.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Apple<\/a><\/p>\n

Nie v\u0161etko sa podarilo. <\/span><\/span>Apple III<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> (1980) bol technicky ambici\u00f3zny, ale trpel prehrievan\u00edm a nespo\u013eahlivos\u0165ou. Jeden z prv\u00fdch ve\u013ek\u00fdch pre\u0161\u013eapov.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"Z<\/a><\/p>\n

Potom ale prich\u00e1dza moment, ktor\u00fd predbehol dobu: <\/span><\/span>Apple Lisa<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> (1983). Prv\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d Applu s grafick\u00fdm rozhran\u00edm a my\u0161ou. Dnes samozrejmos\u0165, vtedy sci-fi. Probl\u00e9m? Cena skoro 10 000 dol\u00e1rov. Lisa tak zostala sk\u00f4r technologickou demon\u0161tr\u00e1ciou ako masov\u00fdm produktom.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

To prav\u00e9 k\u00fazlo pri\u0161lo o rok nesk\u00f4r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1984: Macintosh men\u00ed pravidl\u00e1 hry<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h1>\n

Macintosh urobil to, v \u010dom je Apple dodnes najlep\u0161\u00ed \u2013 nebol prv\u00fd, ale bol prv\u00fd, ktor\u00fd to urobil spr\u00e1vne. Pon\u00fakol grafick\u00e9 prostredie, jednoduch\u00e9 ovl\u00e1danie a design, ktor\u00fd d\u00e1val zmysel be\u017en\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom. A hlavne \u2014 bol v\u00fdrazne dostupnej\u0161\u00ed ako Lisa.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"36<\/a><\/p>\n

Apple tak v podstate <\/span><\/span><\/span>znovu vyna\u0161iel osobn\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d <\/span><\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/span><\/span> Aj ke\u010f predaje nesk\u00f4r spomalili, Macintosh polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady pre modern\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de tak, ako ich pozn\u00e1me dnes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"How<\/a><\/p>\n

V roku 1987 pri\u0161la \u010fal\u0161ia tich\u00e1 revol\u00facia: <\/span><\/span>desktop publishing<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> . Kombin\u00e1cia Macintosha, tla\u010diarne LaserWriter a technol\u00f3gia PostScript umo\u017enila komuko\u013evek vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 profesion\u00e1lne tla\u010doviny – knihy, \u010dasopisy alebo let\u00e1ky. To, \u010do predt\u00fdm zvl\u00e1dali len ve\u013ek\u00e9 redakcie, bolo zrazu dostupn\u00e9 prakticky ka\u017ed\u00e9mu. Apple t\u00fdm ovplyvnil cel\u00e9 odvetvie m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Koniec dek\u00e1dy: prv\u00fd \u201eprenosn\u00fd\u201c Mac<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h1>\n

\"The<\/a><\/p>\n

Rok 1989 priniesol <\/span><\/span>Macintosh Portable<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span> . Prv\u00fd pokus o prenosn\u00fd Mac. V\u00e1ha okolo 7 kg a hr\u00fabka 10 cm s\u00edce dnes p\u00f4sob\u00ed \u00fasmevne, ale vtedy i\u0161lo o d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd krok smerom k notebookom. A v\u00fddr\u017e bat\u00e9rie a\u017e 10 hod\u00edn? To by obst\u00e1lo aj dnes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dve dek\u00e1dy, ktor\u00e9 zmenili v\u0161etko<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/h1>\n

\"Steve<\/a><\/p>\n

Po\u010das iba 20 rokov Apple:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n